Project D – Additive Manufacturing of Cellular Lead-Free Ceramics

The electromechanical properties of porous ferroelectrics are attractive for transduction applications, such as hydrophones, as the piezoelectric properties can be optimized in reticulate ceramic foams through the control of pore formation and cell size distribution. This allows for the optimization of properties for energy harvesting applications, making them lightweight and flexible. The required homogenous cellular structures can be produced either by sacrificial lattice templates or additive manufacturing, where, for example, a regular periodic structure (auxetic-like) consisting of various piezo-ceramic materials can be realized with a building block technique. A significant advantage of this approach is the ability to expressly design and optimize the 3D structure to enhance the electromechanical output, e.g., piezoelectric response for energy harvesting systems or strain enhancement for actuators.

The aim of this project is the investigation of lead-free cellular ceramics with additive manufacturing for novel lightweight and flexible (wearable) energy harvesting and sensor systems using auxetic or auxetic-like structures. Determination of influence of structural design parameters, e.g., polarization orientation, of the 3D-structure as well as microstructural properties, e.g., internal porosity, on resulting electromechanical properties will be in focus.

Principal Investigators

	PD Dr. Tobias Fey Institute of Glass and Ceramics Materials Science Department Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg tobias.fey@fau.de
	Prof. Dr. Ken-ichi Kakimoto Life Science and Applied Chemistry Department Frontier Research Institute for Materials Science Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan kakimoto.kenichi@nitech.ac.jp

Doctoral Researchers

Michelle Weichelt, M.Sc.
Institute of Glass and Ceramics
Materials Science Department
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
michelle.mw.weichelt@fau.de

Associated Researchers

Edwyn Wolf, M.Sc. (FAU): edwyn.wolf@fau.de

Publications Project D

2024

Darwish E., Elia J., Fehn D., Köllner D., Pourjafar A., Christiansen S., Meyer K., Webber KG., Brabec C., Batentschuk M., Osvet A.:
Brightly Luminescent and Color-Tunable CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals with Enhanced Stability and Room Temperature Cubic Structure through Codoping with MnCl2
In: Advanced Engineering Materials (2024)
ISSN: 1438-1656
DOI: 10.1002/adem.202302213
Eckstein U., Kuhfuß M., Fey T., Webber KG.:
Feasibility of Powder-Based High-Throughput Synthesis for Ceramics Development: Case Study on the Influence of Calcination Temperature in BiFeO3-BaTiO3
In: Advanced Engineering Materials (2024)
ISSN: 1438-1656
DOI: 10.1002/adem.202302126
Marques LS., Weichelt M., Kuhfuß M., Rambo CR., Fey T.:
Novel Sol-Gel Synthesis Route for Ce- and V-Doped Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 Piezoceramics
In: Materials 17 (2024), Art.Nr.: 3228
ISSN: 1996-1944
DOI: 10.3390/ma17133228
Martin A., Kato N., Fey T., Webber KG., Kakimoto Ki.:
Increased thermal stability by the addition of ZrO2 into a 0.48Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-0.52(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 matrix material
In: Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 63 (2024), Art.Nr.: 09SP02
ISSN: 0021-4922
DOI: 10.35848/1347-4065/ad6c58
Stankiewicz G., Dev C., Weichelt M., Fey T., Steinmann P.:
Towards advanced piezoelectric metamaterial design via combined topology and shape optimization
In: Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization (2024)
ISSN: 1615-147X
DOI: 10.1007/s00158-024-03742-w
Webber KG., Clemens O., Buscaglia V., Malič B., Bordia RK., Fey T., Eckstein U.:
Review of the opportunities and limitations for powder-based high-throughput solid-state processing of advanced functional ceramics
In: Journal of the European Ceramic Society 44 (2024), Art.Nr.: 116780
ISSN: 0955-2219
DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2024.116780

2023

Hoffmann P., Köllner D., Simon S., Kakimoto Ki., Fey T.:
Modular lead-free piezoceramic/polymer composites with locally adjustable piezoelectric properties
In: Open Ceramics 13 (2023), Art.Nr.: 100320
ISSN: 2666-5395
DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2022.100320
Köllner D., Niedermeyer S., Vermes M., Simon S., Kakimoto Ki., Fey T.:
Energy-Reduced Fabrication of Light-Frame Ceramic Honeycombs by Replication of Additive Manufactured Templates
In: Materials 16 (2023), Art.Nr.: 4924
ISSN: 1996-1944
DOI: 10.3390/ma16144924
Simon S., Köllner D., Hoffmann P., Keck E., Spath I., Meyse M., Fey T.:
Influence of ceramic Kelvin Cell's strut shape on mechanical properties
In: Open Ceramics 13 (2023), Art.Nr.: 100334
ISSN: 2666-5395
DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2023.100334

2022

Eichhorn F., Schiegerl H., Köllner D., Kakimoto KI., Fey T.:
Stress and Deformation Behavior of 2D Composite Cellular Actuator Structures of Ceramic Building Blocks and Epoxy Resins
In: physica status solidi (b) (2022)
ISSN: 0370-1972
DOI: 10.1002/pssb.202100591
Köllner D., Biggemann J., Simon S., Hoffmann P., Kakimoto Ki., Fey T.:
Additive manufactured replica foams
In: Open Ceramics 10 (2022), Art.Nr.: 100258
ISSN: 2666-5395
DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2022.100258
Köllner D., Simon S., Niedermeyer S., Spath I., Wolf E., Kakimoto KI., Fey T.:
Relation between Structure, Mechanical and Piezoelectric Properties in Cellular Ceramic Auxetic and Honeycomb Structures
In: Advanced Engineering Materials (2022)
ISSN: 1438-1656
DOI: 10.1002/adem.202201387
Köllner D., Tolve-Granier B., Simon S., Kakimoto Ki., Fey T.:
Advanced Estimation of Compressive Strength and Fracture Behavior in Ceramic Honeycombs by Polarimetry Measurements of Similar Epoxy Resin Honeycombs
In: Materials 15 (2022), Art.Nr.: 2361
ISSN: 1996-1944
DOI: 10.3390/ma15072361
Samma T., Fuchigami T., Nakamura S., Fey T., Kakimoto KI.:
Aligned Porous Structure of (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O3 Piezoelectric Ceramics for Enhanced Catalytic Activity
In: physica status solidi (b) (2022)
ISSN: 0370-1972
DOI: 10.1002/pssb.202100611
Wahl L., Maier J., Schmiedeke S., The-An Pham ., Fey T., Webber KG., Travitzky N., Khansur NH.:
Electromechanical properties of paper-derived potassium sodium niobate piezoelectric ceramics
In: Journal of the American Ceramic Society (2022)
ISSN: 0002-7820
DOI: 10.1111/jace.18655

2021

Biggemann J., Köllner D., Schatz J., Stumpf M., Fey T.:
Influence of µCT scanning resolution and volume on FEM-simulation of periodic 3D-printed porous ceramics
In: Materials Letters 303 (2021), Art.Nr.: 130529
ISSN: 0167-577X
DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130529
Biggemann J., Köllner D., Simon S., Heik P., Hoffmann P., Fey T.:
Porous Functional Graded Bioceramics with Integrated Interface Textures
In: Ceramics 4 (2021), S. 681-695
ISSN: 2571-6131
DOI: 10.3390/ceramics4040048
Biggemann J., Stumpf M., Fey T.:
Porous Alumina Ceramics with Multimodal Pore Size Distributions
In: Materials 14 (2021), S. 3294
ISSN: 1996-1944
DOI: 10.3390/ma14123294
Eichhorn F., Keppner F., Köllner D., Fey T.:
Deformation Behavior of 2D Composite Cellular Lattices of Ceramic Building Blocks and Epoxy Resin
In: Advanced Engineering Materials (2021)
ISSN: 1438-1656
DOI: 10.1002/adem.202100536
Sugimoto H., Biggemann J., Fey T., Singh P., Khare D., Dubey AK., Kakimoto Ki.:
Lead-free piezoelectric (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O3 scaffolds for enhanced antibacterial property
In: Materials Letters 297 (2021), Art.Nr.: 129969
ISSN: 0167-577X
DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2021.129969

2020

Biggemann J., Müller P., Köllner D., Simon S., Hoffmann P., Heik P., Lee JH., Fey T.:
Hierarchical Surface Texturing of Hydroxyapatite Ceramics: Influence on the Adhesive Bonding Strength of Polymeric Polycaprolactone
In: Journal of Functional Biomaterials 11 (2020), Art.Nr.: 73
ISSN: 2079-4983
DOI: 10.3390/jfb11040073
URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/11/4/73
Khansur NH., Biggemann J., Stumpf M., Rieß K., Fey T., Webber KG.:
Temperature- and Stress-Dependent Electromechanical Response of Porous Pb(Zr,Ti)O3
In: Advanced Engineering Materials (2020)
ISSN: 1438-1656
DOI: 10.1002/adem.202000389
Myszka B., Schodder P., Leupold S., Barr M., Hurle K., Schüßler M., Demmert B., Biggemann J., Fey T., Boccaccini AR., Wolf S.:
Shape Matters: Crystal Morphology and Surface Topography Alter Bioactivity of Bioceramics in Simulated Body Fluid
In: Advanced Engineering Materials (2020)
ISSN: 1438-1656
DOI: 10.1002/adem.202000044